{"id":9177,"date":"2021-06-08T09:25:13","date_gmt":"2021-06-08T08:25:13","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/ee.yelkdev.site\/?p=9177"},"modified":"2024-03-28T13:49:06","modified_gmt":"2024-03-28T13:49:06","slug":"is-it-time-to-rethink-data-is-the-new-oil","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.equalexperts.com\/blog\/our-thinking\/is-it-time-to-rethink-data-is-the-new-oil\/","title":{"rendered":"Is it Time to Rethink&#8230; \u201cData is the New Oil\u201d?"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">In my opinion, \u2018data is the new oil\u2019 is a metaphor that should be used with caution, especially by those who wish to portray data in a positive light. <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">That is, whilst there are many similarities between data and oil, most are unflattering. I believe that by confronting these negative connotations, we can have the right conversations about our responsibilities in the Age of Data, whilst finding better metaphors to describe them.<\/span><\/p>\n<h2><b>A Brief History\u00a0<\/b><\/h2>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">In the beginning was <\/span><a href=\"http:\/\/www.humbyanddunn.com\/\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Clive Humby<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">, the British data scientist, who coined the phrase \u2018data is the new oil\u2019 back in 2006. It has since become part of the business and management lexicon, repeated by journalists, <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.europarl.europa.eu\/RegData\/etudes\/BRIE\/2020\/646117\/EPRS_BRI(2020)646117_EN.pdf\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">policy makers<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> and world leaders alike. In common usage, the metaphor emphasises the fact that oil and data are critical parts of the modern global economy, with the latter gradually replacing the former. <\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Humby also recognised that data, like oil, has no intrinsic value, and <\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">expensive processes of refinement have to be applied before they become valuable.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Certainly, data powers much of the economy, just as oil powers our engines. Much of what we do online is part of <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.gutenberg.org\/files\/779\/779-h\/779-h.htm\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">a Faustian pact<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">, in which we allow the tech giants to harvest our data in exchange for useful, free tools such as email. Tech evangelists minimise the costs whilst emphasising the benefits of data in our lives. But if we ever stopped to actually consider how much personal information we give away each day we\u2019d <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/friends.fandom.com\/wiki\/The_One_Where_Monica_And_Richard_Are_Friends\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">put our laptops in the freezer<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">. And comparing data to oil has a dark side. Oil is a dirty business. Oil-based products &#8211; petrol, plastics, chemicals &#8211; are harming the planet. Put simply, this isn\u2019t the kind of company data should want to keep.<\/span><\/p>\n<h2><b>Oil Spills and Data Leaks<\/b><\/h2>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Let\u2019s look at one of the most regrettable similarities between data and oil.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">As oil moves around the globe, leaks happen (<\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.statista.com\/statistics\/671539\/average-number-of-oil-spills-per-decade\/#:~:text=There%20were%20an%20average%20of,spills%20has%20been%20notably%20reduced\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">there have been 466 large oil spills in the last 50 years<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">). Much has been said and written <\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">about these disasters<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> and the environmental damage they cause. Coupled with the growing apprehension of the role oil plays in the global climate crisis, you might expect the demand for oil to be falling like a stone. You\u2019d be wrong.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<img decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter wp-image-9182 size-large\" src=\"https:\/\/www.equalexperts.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/06\/Rething-data-is-the-new-oil--1200x534.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"1200\" height=\"534\" \/>\n<p><i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Figure 1: <\/span><\/i><a href=\"https:\/\/www.iea.org\/data-and-statistics\/charts\/world-oil-production-by-region-1971-2019\"><i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Global Oil Production 1999-2020<\/span><\/i><\/a><i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u00a0<\/span><\/i><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">And if that graph surprises you, consider this:<\/span><\/p>\n<img decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter wp-image-9183 size-full\" src=\"https:\/\/www.equalexperts.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/06\/Rethink-data-is-the-new-oil-.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"1000\" height=\"743\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.equalexperts.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/06\/Rethink-data-is-the-new-oil-.png 1000w, https:\/\/www.equalexperts.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/06\/Rethink-data-is-the-new-oil--300x223.png 300w, https:\/\/www.equalexperts.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/06\/Rethink-data-is-the-new-oil--768x571.png 768w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1000px) 100vw, 1000px\" \/>\n<p><i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Figure 2: <\/span><\/i><a href=\"https:\/\/www.statista.com\/statistics\/264810\/number-of-monthly-active-facebook-users-worldwide\/\"><i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Number of monthly active Facebook users worldwide<\/span><\/i><\/a><i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u00a0<\/span><\/i><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">If you\u2019re looking for indicators of decline following Facebook\u2019s equivalent to Exxon Valdez &#8211; <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.nytimes.com\/2018\/04\/04\/us\/politics\/cambridge-analytica-scandal-fallout.html\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">the Cambridge Analytica scandal<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> &#8211; you won\u2019t find it. Lest we forget, Cambridge Analytica harvested upwards of 87 million Facebook users\u2019 personal data without their consent, then sold that data to political consultancies. This dubious practice may well have affected the outcome of the 2016 US Presidential election, and the Brexit vote in the UK the same year. But despite #deletefacebook and some social and <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.theguardian.com\/technology\/2018\/apr\/11\/mark-zuckerbergs-testimony-to-congress-the-key-moments\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">political huffing<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> at the time, the scandal didn\u2019t make a dent on Facebook\u2019s fortunes.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">So tech giants and oil barons are alike, in that they leak and pollute and behave with disregard for the wider community, without much consequence.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<h2><b>Oil and Water<\/b><\/h2>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The question then becomes, is there a better metaphor out there? During my research I\u2019ve happened across plausible arguments in favour of a cataclysmic comparison &#8211; that is to say, <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/ideas.ted.com\/opinion-data-isnt-the-new-oil-its-the-new-nuclear-power\/\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">data is the new nuclear power<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> (awesomely powerful, yet capable of dreadful contamination and destruction). When discussing this piece with a leading practitioner, he reminded me that data \u2018flows\u2019 from one place to another, and suggested that it\u2019s like water (it\u2019s nourishing and necessary &#8211; but needs filtering and processing to be safe; it can leak), or slightly less appetisingly, data is like blood.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">All are decent metaphors (I particularly like the \u2018water\u2019 alternative). <\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">However, water (like uranium, or blood) is physical &#8211; if I buy and drink a litre of water, no one else can drink that same litre &#8211; whereas data can be used simultaneously in different places, at multiple times in multiple ways. And data is unique, whereas one glass of water is essentially the same as any other.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">If we stick with data being like oil, we\u2019re left with harrowing images of sick<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> seabirds and bleached reefs. Which prompts me to ask: are we in danger of losing something valuable, by tarring data with the same oily brush?<\/span><\/p>\n<h2><b>Data for Good<\/b><\/h2>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Last year, academics at the University of Oxford interrogated a massive dataset to <\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">assess the effectiveness of a range of potential treatments for Covid-19. <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/digital.nhs.uk\/news-and-events\/latest-news\/lifesaving-coronavirus-treatment-discovered-by-study-using-data-from-nhs-digital\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Using advanced data science techniques<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">, they discovered an unexpected pattern &#8211; namely, a drug used in the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis could save lives, reduce the need for a ventilator, and shorten patients\u2019 stay in hospital. Such a breakthrough should be seen as an unalloyed success story for all those involved, whilst also containing within it some valuable lessons about how we treat data.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The most important, from my perspective, is that the data sets were held securely by NHS Digital, after full consent was granted by those involved. Not one item of data was taken without express permission, or used for any other purpose than that for which the data was originally sought. In other words, the data was willingly and knowingly given for a specific and transparent purpose. Safeguards were put in place, adhered to, and all parties acted responsibly throughout. Why can\u2019t all data be used in this way?<\/span><\/p>\n<h2><b>Data Guardianship<\/b><\/h2>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Ultimately, the NHS Digital story, and others like it, reinforce the importance of the concept of \u2018Data Guardianship\u2019. That is, all actors in our data-rich economy need to take responsibility for minimising the damage their actions cause in the present, whilst making every reasonable effort to safeguard the future. The three pillars of Data Guardianship are:<\/span><\/p>\n<ol>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Organisations shouldn\u2019t gather any data that might expose the subject to excessive privacy risks, now or in the future<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Data should not be hoarded \u2018just in case\u2019 &#8211; organisations should refuse to keep anything they don\u2019t need<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Organisations should be proactive in explaining what data they\u2019re collecting, how they intend to use it, and what rights the data subject has, in order to enable better decisions around consent<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Ultimately, we have to make sure data <\/span><i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">doesn\u2019t<\/span><\/i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> become the new oil, and instead find a metaphor that emphasises the positive values that underpin these pillars, instead of contradicting them. We can\u2019t simply hope that some future phenomenon will make our data safe from abuse &#8211; we all need to educate ourselves, and then act accordingly, today. And if we can\u2019t trust companies to behave responsibly, we shouldn\u2019t give them our data in the first place.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Perhaps we should think of our data as a vote that we cast in support of those organisations that are behaving best in the data-based economy. In fact, maybe that\u2019s the new metaphor I\u2019ve been searching for all along: data is the new democracy.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>As concerns grow over NHS Digital\u2019s plans to share patient data, now is the perfect time to read David Cox\u2019s article on how organisations and individuals can ensure effective \u2018data guardianship\u2019.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":120,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"content-type":"","inline_featured_image":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[5],"tags":[185,198,205],"location":[397],"class_list":["post-9177","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-our-thinking","tag-data","tag-data-pipeline","tag-nhs-digital"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO Premium plugin v25.9 (Yoast SEO v25.9) - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>Is it Time to Rethink... \u201cData is the New Oil\u201d? 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