{"id":9352,"date":"2021-07-21T11:07:54","date_gmt":"2021-07-21T10:07:54","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/ee.yelkdev.site\/?p=9352"},"modified":"2023-09-21T23:27:27","modified_gmt":"2023-09-21T22:27:27","slug":"how-to-avoid-sunk-cost-fallacy-in-software-projects","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.equalexperts.com\/blog\/our-thinking\/how-to-avoid-sunk-cost-fallacy-in-software-projects\/","title":{"rendered":"How to avoid sunk cost fallacy in software projects"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Imagine that a few weeks ago you bought an outdoor theatre ticket for $100. You wake up on the day of the concert and it\u2019s raining, with a storm due later, you\u2019re feeling ill. On top of this, your car is in the repair shop, so you\u2019ll need to take three different buses to get there. Yet, despite the fact that the current drawbacks outweigh the benefits, you still choose to go to the show.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">This is known as the Sunk Cost Fallacy.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">In simple terms, the Sunk Cost Fallacy is the phenomenon where \u201ca person is reluctant to abandon a strategy or course of action because they have invested in it, even when it is clear that abandonment would be more beneficial.\u201d<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">A point of research in behavioural economics and psychology for many years, it can also be applied to delivering software.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The crucial part of the definition above is this:<\/span><\/p>\n<blockquote><p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u201ceven when it is clear that abandonment would be more beneficial.\u201d\u00a0<\/span><\/p><\/blockquote>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The key question is, why do we keep falling for the Sunk Cost Fallacy?\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The Experts at Massachusett Institute of Technology (<a href=\"https:\/\/www.mit.edu\/\">MIT<\/a>) provide three hypotheses for this behaviour:<\/span><\/p>\n<ol>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">We don\u2019t want to appear wasteful<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">We want to stick to our plans<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">We don\u2019t want to accept any loss at all, so we follow through.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<h2><b>So whilst building software, how do you know if changing course would be more beneficial?<\/b><\/h2>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Stop, Start, Continue is often used when giving feedback. And it can also be used to apply to decision making in these situations. The principles are as follows.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Stop &#8211; stop doing what you are doing and abandon with no alternative\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Start &#8211; start a new course of action to reach the goals but pivot away from the original solution\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Continue &#8211; continue on the path you are already on.\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">In these decision making situations, the first, and important point, is to take emotion away from the behaviour. This can be done simply by digging deeper into the cause and effects of stopping starting and continuing, and attributing a business value in terms of $ to each.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">By calculating the Net Value for each option, you will have a data-driven approach to making a decision (a different result for <\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Stop, Start and Continue<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">).\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">However, when doing this it is important to remember that you don\u2019t count the money you have already put in. This is now sunk cost. You can\u2019t get it back no matter what you do, so the only important point, and all you can do at this stage, is look at which option will get you to your optimal goal, starting from now.<\/span><\/p>\n<h2><b>There are four clear steps to a data-driven answer.<\/b><\/h2>\n<p><strong>Step 1.\u00a0 Make sure your goal is still valid.\u00a0\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Firstly it is crucial to revalidate the goal that has been set initially.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Is the original goal clear<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Does the initial goal still stand\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">And does your goal have clear measures of success so you know at what point you can say you have achieved it?<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>Step 2. Articulate the Business value for Stop, Start and Continue.<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">(STOP) Articulate the business value and costs if you were to stop. The likelihood is, in this situation, not only will you get no business value, but also no costs (if not including what is already sunk). However, you also need to be aware that not doing something could also result in loss of customers, revenue or increase in penalties, so ensure you think about the negative value that could also occur.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u00a0<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">(START) Articulate the business value and costs for a different solution. Knowing what the costs would be in a new solution and when you would articulate that value (and even if the profile of the value is likely to change) will help you work out if you should start anew.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">(CONTINUE) Articulating the business value and costs if you were to continue on the same path (ignore what you have paid in already, this is already sunk ), it is essential to understand what you still have left to pay and when you will get the business value at this rate.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><strong>Step 3. Calculating the Net.<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">To calculate the net, use the following formula: Total Revenues &#8211; Total Expenses.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Total Revenues (over a set period, usually 1 year)<\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Sales revenue\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Saving in operational costs<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Total Expenses (over the same set period as revenue)<\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Build costs<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Ongoing support costs\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>Step 4. Compare the Results.<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The net result that gives you a higher rate of return is the result to pursue from a business value perspective. That is because it will provide the most value over the duration.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<h2><b>Some of the common pitfalls you will need to avoid.<\/b><\/h2>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">So far it is pretty straightforward, right? OK, now we need to address some of the behaviours I have seen before. Some common, and other less common, traps that could derail a project.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><strong>Redesign at the expense of the immediate value.<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">One trap I have seen in clients is that solutions are abandoned weeks or even days before launch to re-architect, or change the technology stack. This is equally dangerous, as you could be willing to sink more costs for no added benefit. In this scenario, ensure you have looked at the business benefits based on where you are now.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><strong>Ruling out double development with no evidence of the impacts of that against value.\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Some projects are in a position where you are migrating to a new technology stack (or cloud provider). You may be unwilling to do work in the old world and the new world because it is deemed \u201cwasted effort\u201d. Although this may sometimes be the case, it is all relative to the value that work will bring. Apply these same principles when deciding if to do the job twice or wait.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><strong>Assuming that this will demotivate engineering teams.<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Here\u2019s the facts as we see it, time after time. Most engineering teams that we have worked with ultimately want to be building something that will be used and add value. By changing course often, assumptions are made that this will demotivate the engineering teams. In my experience, this isn\u2019t the problem.\u00a0 The demotivation occurs because there hasn\u2019t been the upfront and honesty around why there is a change of direction with the data that backs this up.\u00a0 What you will find by doing this exercise and providing the data to your teams is it will result in motivated teams wanting to do what\u2019s right because they see value in it.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">***<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The truth of the matter is, the Sunk Cost Fallacy is a natural tendency. But it is one that can be avoided by simply following a few principles, procedures and by recognising and avoiding the pitfalls. As soon as you recognise that the end result will benefit from your decisions at this stage, this approach becomes obvious to you, and everyone you need to convince to change. Because no-one wants to be the software delivery equivalent of someone who goes to the concert, and ends up standing alone, sick, cold and stranded in a muddy field.<\/span><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Do you find yourself pursuing a software delivery path, even when you know it\u2019s not working? It\u2019s the Sunk Cost Fallacy and here you can find out how to avoid it.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":20,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"content-type":"","inline_featured_image":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[5],"tags":[210,36,209,208],"location":[393],"class_list":["post-9352","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-our-thinking","tag-behavioral-economics","tag-build-software","tag-software-delivery","tag-sunk-cost-fallacy"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO Premium plugin v25.9 (Yoast SEO v25.9) - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>How to avoid sunk cost fallacy in software projects | Equal Experts<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"This article is perfect if you want to gain a better knowledge of how to make the right decisions right throughout your software delivery project.\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/www.equalexperts.com\/blog\/our-thinking\/how-to-avoid-sunk-cost-fallacy-in-software-projects\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_GB\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"How to avoid sunk cost fallacy in software projects\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Do you find yourself pursuing a software delivery path, even when you know it\u2019s not working? 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